The Differences Between Meniscus Injuries and ACL Tears

Knee injuries are typical, especially in athletes and those who lead active lifestyles.

Among the common knee injuries in Singapore are meniscus tears and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. While both conditions can lead to pain, instability, and limited mobility, they affect different knee areas and necessitate distinct treatment approaches. Recognising the differences between these two injuries is essential to obtain the correct medical attention.

Discover is an overview of the primary distinctions of both conditions, and learn their causes, symptoms, and how a knee specialist in Singapore can assist.

What is a Meniscus Injury?

The meniscus is a C-shaped cartilage in the knee that acts as a shock absorber between the thigh bone and shinbone. A meniscus injury occurs when this cartilage is torn, usually due to twisting or turning the knee suddenly while bearing weight. This injury is common in sports that involve quick directional changes, like football, tennis, and basketball.

Symptoms of a Meniscus Injury:

• Pain localised around the knee joint

• Swelling that develops over several hours

• A popping sensation at the time of injury

• Difficulty moving the knee, especially when trying to bend or straighten it

• A feeling of the knee locking or catching during movement

Treatment for Meniscus Injuries:

• Rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) for minor tears

• Anti-inflammatory medications

• Physiotherapy to strengthen muscles around the knee

• Surgery for severe tears that don’t respond to conservative treatments, especially in cases of persistent pain or joint locking

A knee specialistcan correctly diagnose the extent of a meniscus injury and recommend the appropriate treatment, whether non-surgical or surgical.

What is an ACL Tear?

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the four ligaments in the knee joint. It is integral in maintaining stability by linking the femur to the tibia. ACL tears frequently happen during athletic activities that require abrupt halts, leaps, or shifts in direction, including sports like skiing, soccer, and basketball. An ACL tear is a serious injury that typically necessitates surgical treatment.

Symptoms of an ACL Tear:

• A loud “pop” at the time of injury

• Severe pain and rapid swelling

• Instability or “giving way” of the knee when bearing weight

• Loss of full range of motion

• Difficulty walking due to knee instability

Treatment for ACL Tears:

• Immediate RICE protocol to manage swelling and pain

• Physical therapy to restore strength and mobility

• Surgical reconstruction, particularly for athletes or individuals who want to maintain an active lifestyle

Consulting a knee specialist is essential for determining the severity of an ACL tear and deciding whether surgery is necessary.

Differences Between Meniscus Injuries and ACL Tears

While both injuries can be painful and debilitating, there are several differences between meniscus injuries and ACL tears:

1. Location of the Injury

• A meniscus injury affects the cartilage that cushions the knee joint.

• An ACL tear impacts one of the main ligaments that provide stability to the knee.

2. Mechanism of Injury

• Meniscus injuries typically result from twisting or pivoting while the foot is planted.

• ACL tears are caused by sudden directional changes, awkward landings, or collisions that deeply stress the ligament.

3. Symptoms

• Meniscus injuries often cause pain, swelling, and locking in the knee joint.

• ACL tears lead to immediate symptoms such as a loud “pop,” rapid swelling, and significant instability.

4. Treatment Options

• Meniscus injuries may be managed with conservative treatments like rest, physiotherapy, or surgery in severe cases.

• ACL tears often require surgical intervention, especially for individuals who wish to return to high-impact activities.

When to See a Knee Specialist

Seeking professional medical advice is essential if you suspect a knee injury, whether a meniscus tear or an ACL tear. A knee specialistcan conduct an assessment, including physical examinations and imaging tests like MRI scans, to determine the exact nature of the injury.

Consulting a knee specialist is necessary when:

• There is severe pain, swelling, or difficulty moving the knee

• You experience knee instability or frequent “giving way”

• Conservative treatments have failed to provide relief

• You wish to resume high-impact sports or activities

Conclusion

Meniscus injuries and ACL tears, although both associated with the knee, differ significantly in their origins, manifestations, and treatment strategies. Recognising these differences is vital for obtaining appropriate care and facilitating an ideal recovery. If you are experiencing knee pain or believe you may have sustained an injury, the initial step towards treatment and rehabilitation is to consult a knee specialist in Singapore. Regardless of whether it is a minor meniscus tear or a severe ACL tear, professional advice is essential to avert additional complications.

Visit Dr. Bryan Tan to take the first step toward recovery and regain your knee mobility.